Course Syllabus

COLLEGE

MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE

COURSE DESCRIPTION

This is a two – unit course on the study of normal and abnormal chromosomes and will also include topics on hereditary and variation such as Mendelian genetics, non – Mendelian genetics and molecular genetics. The practical applications of genetics especially in human genetics are emphasized.

COURSE OUTCOMES(CO)

After successful completion of  Cytogenetics, students are able to:

CO1: Describe the origin and branches of Cytogenetics and identify different methods of genetic study

CO2: Define basic terminology in Cytogenetics and explain the cytological basis of inheritance

CO3: Distinguish the  different modes of inheritance and solve problems on inheritance

CO4: Become familiar with major techniques used in clinical Cytogenetics

CO5: Explain the nature and characteristics of chromosomal abnormalities in clinical syndrome and in disorders of sexual differentiation; and conduct research and related activities on current diagnosis, management and treatment practices.

DEPARTMENT

MLS

COURSE CODE

CYTO311

DESCRIPTIVE TITLE

CYTOGENETICS

2

HAPP 111

SESSION

COURSE UNIT

UNIT OUTCOMES (UO)

COURSE CONTENT

1

1

1.  Explain accurately the mission and vision of OLFU.

2.  Explain accurately the mission and vision of the College of Medical Laboratory Science

3.  Enumerate the institution’s core values

4.  Describe correctly how the study of Cytogenetics shares in achieving the vision and mission of the university.

5.  Correctly define the terms related to the study of genetics

6.  Understand the importance and meaning of the Mission and Vision of the Our Lady of Fatima University and the College of Medical Laboratory Science

1.Vision, Mission, Core values of OLFU

2

1.   Describe and accurately explain the science of Cytogenetics including its history, encompassing the basis and methods of genetic studies.

2.   Describe the chemical nature of genes and how it affects heredity

3.   Cite factors that affect protein structure and biochemical function

4.   Enumerate the effects of Biotechnology and its application

5.   Enumerate the reasons for using and selecting model organisms in genetic studies

6.   Understand the importance of Cytogenetics in the field of laboratory Science

7.   Demonstrate awareness of the ethical considerations and issues in genetics

1.Definition of terms

2. Describe the relationship of Cytogenetics to other sciences like Cytology and Genetics

3.History and branches of Genetics

a. Classical Genetics

b.Molecular Genetics

c. Population Genetrics

2

3

1.    Correctly differentiate eukaryotic from prokaryotic cells

2.   Correctly identify and describe the different cell organelles and their functions 

3.   Accurately describe the importance of each cell part in the study of genetics

4.   Understand the importance of cells in the overall biology of living organisms

1.      Different parts of the cell

2.      Functions of the parts of the cells

3.      Types of cells: somatic from gametic cells

4. Different cell stages

4

1.    Correctly describe the cell cycle and its phases

2.    Identify accurately the stages of mitosis and correctly explain the events that takes place in each

3.    Understand the importance of mitosis in the overall biology of organisms and its outcome in living cells

Different stages of the cell cycle:

a. Interphase

b. Gap 1

c. Gap 2

d. Synthesis stage

e. Division stage

f. Gap 0

3

5

1.   Explain the different stages of meiosis.

2.   Differentiate mitosis from meiosis.

3.   Enumerate the different types of chromosomes

4.   Understand chromosome morphology, and meiosis and their significance to cytogenetic studies.

Affective:

1.      Understand chromosome morphology, and meiosis and their significance to cytogenetic studies.

1. Different stages of mitosis

a. Characteristics of each stage

b. Behavior of the chromosomes

2. Different stages of meiosis

a. Characteristics of each stage

b. Behavior of the chromosomes

4

6

1.   Define model organisms in genetics.

2.   Identify the characteristics of useful model organisms.

3.   Enumerate the advantages and limitations of different model organisms.

4.   Appreciate the use of model organisms in experimental genetics.

1.      Model organisms

a.           Characteristics

b.            Model ogranisms used in genetic studies

7

1.   Know the concept of Mendelian genetics

2.   Understand the Mendel postulates

3.   Enumerate the different terms used in modern genetics

4.   Differentiate monohybrid ratio from dihybrid ratio

1.      Introduction to Mendial Genetics

2.      Mendel’s Postulates

3.      Definition of terms used in Mendelian Genetics

4.      Punnet Square and Monohybrid crosses

5

8

1. .  Understand the concept of Mendel’s Dihybrid Cross

2.    Know the Law of Independent assortment and its application to Mendel’s Dihybrid Cross

3.    Understand the concept of Mendel’s Trihybrid Cross

1.    Dihybrid cross

2.    Trihybrid cross

6

MIDTERM EXAMINATION

9

1.   Identify some of the different pedigrees that allows predictions concerning the genetic nature of human traits

2.   Define summarily the autosomal recessive trait from autosomal dominant trait

3.   Illustrate the proper pedigree conventions for a recessive or dominant disorder in humans

1.Pedigree Analysis

2.Pedigree Conventions

7

10

1.    Enumerate systematically the different ways of alleles in altering phenotype

2.    Illustrate some hybrid crosses and inheritance of ABO blood groups using Punnett square

3.    Explain correctly the Modification of Mendel’s 9:3:3:1 ratio

1.    Terminologies

2.    Genetic symbols

3.    Codominant Alleles

8

11

1.   Define karyotyping and give its use in clinical laboratory accurately.

2.   Explain extensively the nature of chromosomal abnormalities in clinical syndromes associated with cytogenetic disorders .

3.   Instill gradually the importance of karyotyping in terms of their functions

1.Introduction to Karyotyping and other techniques used in Cytogenetics

2.Collection of samples for testing

3.Procedure in Karyotyping

4.Materials and reagents used in Karyotyping

12

1.   Discuss extensively the important key points in performing karyotyping.

2.   Briefly elaborate the use of FISH in the clinical laboratory.

3.   Explain distinctly the nature of chromosomal abnormalities in clinical syndromes associated with cytogenetic disorders

4.   Instill gradually the importance of karyotyping in terms of their functions.

5.   Relate scientifically the significance of molecular diagnostics to the diagnosis of different genetic abnormalities.

1. Normal Human Karyotyping

2. Abnormal Human Karyotyping

3. Examples of Karyotyping

4. Karyotyping exercises

9

13

1.    Explain chromosomal aberrations in terms of changes in chromosome number and structure

1. Chromosome abberations

• Chromosome nomenclature
• Banding patterns

10

14

1.  Explain chromosomal aberrations in terms of changes in chromosome number and structure

1.  Chromosome abberations

• Chromosome identification
• Chromosome Abnormalities

11

15

1.      Explain correctively the nature of chromosomal abnormalities in clinical syndromes associated with cytogenetic disorders

2.      Identify and classify systematically the clinical significance of cytogenetic disorders associated with their specific chromosome abnormality

1.  Chromosome abberations

• Deletions
• Terminal deletions
• Ring chromosomes
• Interstitial deletions

12

FINAL EXAMINATION

GRADING SYSTEM

The final grade of the student is interpreted as shown on the table below:

AVERAGE

ABOVE 98.00

95.00 – 97.00

94.00

83.00 – 85.00

80.00-82.00

76.00-79.00

75.00

74.00 and below

FINAL GRADE

1.00

1.25

1.50

2.25

2.50

2.75

3.00

5.0

FDA (Failure due to Absences)     UW   (Unauthorized Withdrawal)     INC (Incomplete)    

AW (Authorized Withdrawal)     NFE (No Final Examination)

Lecture:  Midterms  (30%)     Finals (30%)     Performance Tasks (40%)